Two BESS offtake deals have been announced in Poland this summer – one featuring a floor payment structure and another linked to a co-located plant – signaling that the country’s energy storage offtake market is gaining traction.
Last June, EDPR and Axpo disclosed one of Poland’s first publicly announced BESS offtake deals. EDPR secured a long-term floor payment, with Axpo as the optimizer providing the contracted revenue while securing a share of the merchant revenues above the floor. The deal is for a 60 MW/241 MWh standalone BESS project developed by EDPR in the Greater Poland Voivodeship, with commercial operations date (COD) expected in 2027. EDPR has also secured a 17-year capacity market contract for the project, commencing in 2029.
Both counterparties’ choice of a floor-with-revenue-share structure over a tolling agreement is likely shaped by Poland’s capacity market economics. Capacity contracts already deliver a strong, bankable secured income – as seen in the latest auction for 2029 delivery, where BESS projects, including EDPR’s, secured de-rated payments of 162,400 PLN/MW/year (≈38,000 EUR/MW/year). This long-term guaranteed income stream reduces the necessity for fully fixed offtake models. Merchant-linked, revenue-sharing structures such as floors may therefore represent a more attractive path to capturing upside while adding another layer of bankable revenue.
Deal activity has not been limited to standalone assets. This month, developer R.Power Renewables and route-to-market service provider Photon Energy announced an optimization agreement for a co-located solar-plus-storage project in Poland’s southeastern Podkarpackie region. While the contracted capacity and tenor were not disclosed, both parties confirmed that Photon Energy will act as the balancing responsible party (BRP) and optimize the asset across wholesale and ancillary services markets. The announcement indicates that the business case for co-location is strong in Poland: asset owners can utilize BESS as a physical hedge against cannibalization, as solar capture factors have declined exponentially, and renewable energy curtailment surged to a record 800 GWh in the first half of 2025.
More BESS offtake and optimization deals are expected to emerge in Poland by year-end, as opportunities open up across the full revenue stack. A rapid increase in solar generation has intensified volatility in the wholesale electricity market. According to Pexapark analysis, the average maximum daily arbitrage potential for a 2-hour BESS in Q2 ’25 rose by 81% year-on-year in the day-ahead market and by 88% in the intraday market (see graph below). At the same time, battery storage is poised to benefit from Poland’s recent integration into the pan-European PICASSO platform for automatic frequency restoration reserve (aFRR), which has also contributed to increased volatility in imbalance prices. BESS will also be boosted by a 2.5 GW CAPEX support scheme – the results of which are expected to be announced soon.
Source: Pexapark Analysis (August 2025).
Note: The maximum daily arbitrage potential represents the difference between the highest and lowest hourly prices that a 2-hour BESS can exploit within one charge-discharge cycle, excluding efficiency losses. Intraday spreads are calculated based on hourly prices.
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